By shooting it without getting shot, basically.
Adapting elements of the surviveability onion to FreeSpace combat:
1) Do not be there - containment of the enemy to avoid conflict in the first place. Node denial and pre-emptive strikes.
2) If you have to be there, do not be seen - strategic perception, stealth, keeping assets position and composition secret.
3) If you get seen, do not get engaged - outrange the enemy with local SSMs, artillery or strikecraft assets
4) If you are engaged, do not get hit - agility and speed, beam jamming and countermeasures
5) If you get hit, do not get killed - active armour, damage control, critical systems redundancy