Originally posted by Tiara
Why do people make such a big deal out of this? It's pretty simple. Each individual/species has a heat signature, unique compound in their blood or other distinguishable features. Even today we have simple scanners that can detect individuals from a great distance. A few hundred years from now this wouldn't be special AT ALL.
Cause some of us understand science
Sure you can design sensors that can find a heat source from hundreds of meters away but that is a case of trying to pick up one heat source when the surrounding area is cold. They won't work in a crowd of people for the simple reason that the heat from everyone else will swamp out the heat of the person you're looking for.
The human body puts out IR and very weak EM effects from the electrical impulses the nerves use. That's it. The idea that a sensor on board a ship in orbit around a planet could pick those up is ludicrous.
Lets take a look at what these sensors would have to be able to do.
Passive SensorsRight these are the ones that will detect the signals given off by the person on the ground. What would these sensors have to be able to do?
1. The sensor must recieve all the IR signals from planet. I think we can rule out the electrical signals from the human's body. While a very sensitive detector might pick them up in close proximity there's no amount of refinement you can do to pick up such a weak EM field from orbit. So we're talking about IR only.
2. The sensor must somehow match this IR signal to one on record. The Sensor must be able to compensate for any effects caused by the subject's status at the time. The sensor must somehow be able to compensate for variations in heat due to the subject being in a cold or hot enviroment, due to him exercising or standing still/sleeping and due to him being injured or even in a coma.
3. It's no good simply detecting the signal. The sensor must be able to pinpoint the source of the signal even when in orbit around a planet. That means that once the signal is detected the sensor must be able to work out the exact angle at which the IR signal entered the detector. There can be no margin of error on this as a very tiny variation on this will mean that you miss the Captain and end up beaming up something kilometers away from his loacation.
4. The sensor must somehow overcome the fact that it's about to be flooded with an almost infinitely large amount of data. Think that the transporters have a hard job trying to deal with all the data required to stick someone back together? This is harder. There is a lot more data to be sifted through here because unlike the transported we're doing a search not just reading back from a pattern buffer.
Okay. How feisable is all that? I'm a chemist not a physicist but to me it's looking pretty unlikely.
How on Earth are you going to identify an IR pattern from all the other patterns? IR is simply photons af a certain wavelegth. They don't carry information telling you where they came from. So how are you going to be able to tell which signals came from where? We're also ignoring the problems caused by interferance and absorbtion of the IR signal. Diffferent atmospheres and surroundings result in different values for all of these. The captain in a cave is going to put out less IR than the captain on top of a mountain due to the distance and material the IR is going to have to travel through to get to the ship.
There is no way that you're going to be able to tell that the IR signal from any location belongs to any particular race let alone scan a planet looking for someone belonging to that race.
Active SensorsNow we're on more fantastical grounds. Its harder to tell what we'll be able to detect using active sensors in the future but we can still take a guess.
1. Any active sensor has to send a signal that blankets the entire planet and picks up the reflections.
2. The form of radiation used must be completely harmless or else the Enterprise will find iteself attacked all over the place for using it.
3. The form of radiation must return a different signal depending on what it hits.
4. The sensor must be able to deal with the huge amount of data it's going to get back from pinging every single molecule on the planet below them. (I suspect this is actually even more data than the IR sensor had to deal with).
Quite frankly this is looking just as silly as monitoring IR.