-They have a weird subspace link that allowed to transmit this intel to the hulk of the fleet?
-The Knossos was open during the great war?
-A few remnants of the first Shivan incursion were still roaming in GTVA systems or hiding in uncharted nodes and returned to tell their friends about the collapsed node and bla bla.
You see... I can come up with acceptable theories about how can the Shivans know about us being able to collapse nodes, and those theories will be as valid as yours trying to prove the exact opposite.
the lucifer was blown up in subspace,which was at the fore-front of the attack, there were no other shivan ships in the node at the time, so all they know is the lucifer blew up, and the node collapsed. Therefore, there is no link direct link to, "the lucifer blew up and the subspace node collapsed, the puny humans definitly can do it too! the shivans have no reason to assume the GTVA has the capability do something, especially with their limited resources, even after the first epic fail of the meson bomb. its probably safe to assume that the shivans were not all knowing, as it took them time to track down the locations of Sol and Vasuda Prime. It can alsobe be assume from the previous point, that since the shivans themselves had multiple juggernaugts, that the GTVA could have had multiple Colossus-class ships seeing as they punced on collie, hard. even super-avanced cybernetic xenocidal aliens can be suceptible to the fog of war, until you can prove to us otherwise. And how does an open knossoss portal in the great war mean the shivans know that the GTVA can collpase a jump node?