Some areas did get close to 200mm over 24 hours. But the problem is not so much the amount of rain, but that it was over a very large area which happens to be a single river basin. So once all that water went into the rivers... oof. :/
Wunderground's weather historian has a good brief blog article on it here.
Exactly this.
Alberta's a bit of a strange place. Virtually all the river and stream systems begin and consolidate into major rivers either in the Rockies, or nearby in the immediate foothills. Meanwhile, most of the population centers are located 100+ km from the main foothills, so by the time the rivers reach the population centers, the basins have all drained to single rivers which carry water from hundreds of square kilometers down a single river channel.
Alberta really only has a few main river systems:
-The Old Man (flooding Lethebridge and Medicine Hat)
-The Bow (flooded Canmore and Calgary, contributing to Lethbridge and Medicine Hat)
-The Red Deer (high but not flooding, also dam controlled)
-The North Saskatchewan (currently high but not flooding in Edmonton)
-The Athabasca (flooded Fort McMurray two weeks ago)
-The Peace (no flooding at present)
There are other rivers in the province obviously, but virtually all of them consolidate into these drainage systems and do so before they pass through the population centers. Calgary and the other southern cities are very susceptible to flooding - though part of the reason why there is such a mess in Calgary and High River is because the municipalities stupidly allowed construction within the 50- and 100-year flood plains. That's not a uniquely-Alberta phenomenon, but it's moronic wherever its practiced.