Well, I'm not certain we are damaging it as such, but we are certainly helping accelerate the cycle of change.
What we need to remember is that Dinosaurs would not survive today, not because of hunting or huge inter-spacial comets, but because the air is different in composition, they would choke to death.
The weather problems etc are a side effect really, not the problem, the problem is that the composition of the upper atmosphere is in flux, and we are pouring loads of chemicals into it.
It's been suggested that, when the Earths magnetic poles flip, which they are due to do pretty soon, it makes a massive alteration to the flow of ionised particles around the planet. Our UV protection level will be around equivalent to that of the outback, and with the change of particle flow on the upper atmosphere, it's going to have pretty large effects on weather as well.
The pollution of water supplies is indeed a very serious issue, and what makes it worse is that much of this dumping of toxic material is ok, with a nod and a wink, by the government, and this is in a large number of countries.