To be honest it might be better to fabricate one yourself to meet your specs than to buy one that will probably work and spend time and money, as well as risking blowing the whole thing.
I did do a little diggin however and found
this.
It only has 2 PCI slots, no AGP and only one HD, but it does apparently have a CD drive. It would certainly work for what you would be able to do in a car(music, maybe a movie or some wardriving). Though you could cram a FX 5200 in there and maybe get decent gaming performance.
I would opt for some kind of oversized touch-screen that has room for a standard display size(1024x768?) and a soft-keyboard. That way you don't have to fool around with mounting a bunch of extra hardware in an already cramped space, what with enviromentals and dashboard gauges.
Also, you live in Illinois right? It gets cold there in the winter, cold enough to damage unprotected electronics gear like would be in your trunk? I seem to remember that RAM and such gets unreliable and very vulnerable to damage below 40 F.