nukes are measured by there equivelent damage output of tonnes of tnt. unfortunately tnt would respond differently in space than it would in an atmosphere. so if you were to put a nuke on the ground and detonate it, two things would happen, a crater would be created, and a shockwave would be produced. the crater isnt created by the shockwave, but rather the vaporization of the material in the ground. in space the cratering effect would be the only thing formed.
when you detonate a nuke you are essentially creating solar equivelent tempuratures which no existing or theoretical material can withstand. so you could calculate (and il let you do that cause i suck at math) the thermal output and falloff of the bomb and compair that to the meltingpoint of the armor material. then you can locate the point of radius at which the the thermal output of the bomb can no longer melt the armor plate and that would be the effective radius of the bomb.
now if that is big enough to completely penetrate through the bulkhead armor all that vaporised metal would first be blasted through the internal structures and coridors of the ship in the same manor an antitank shell works (but on a much larger scale) essentially killing the crew in those areas of the ship and flooding the interior with radioactive contamination. then of course you have there problem of decompression which would quicly flush most of the radioactive liquid metal back into space. decompression saftey measures would seal off the section of damage. mind you the blast wouls screw up

of saftey systems,

of contamination doors would be blown before belast is defeated. so it would render a sizable portion of the ship interior an uninhabitable death trap.
of of course it doesnt melt through then you would just have a crater in your armor and the ship is really unharmed. ships would have weak points that could be exploited (vents, rcs thrusters, unpowered engine ports, airlocks, turret wells, fighterbays, ect). but i suspect you would kill the crew with the bombs long before the hull would crack.