I would have to agree with them calling themselves The Great Ones or The Race; the monologue reveals that they were extremely arrogant and tyrannical in their actions following the discovery allowing them to traverse subspace. I'd assume that the Vasudans don't call themselves Vasudans in their own native tongue, just as they don't call us Humans or call our planet Earth. From my understanding, their Vasuda is their way of saying "Home" or "Land" or "Desert" OR Vasuda is the way we identified their solar system and thus tacked the name "Vasudan" onto their entire race.
Then again, the fact that humans were able to get the ETAK translator working goes to say that the Ancients, while perhaps they never figured out how to communicate, WOULD have the ability to communicate with races they've prior had contact with (ie: Vasudans and possibly Terrans)
Could go either way, really. What's curious to me is why the Ancients never reformed, unless
is trying to say that thousands of year before, the Ancients are the "missing link" or are already humans (having taken refuge here and collapsed the jump node to prevent further Shivan or alien interference--a possible reason that we're located so close to the assumed Ancient empire and yet don't have a real memory of the Vasudans or other conquest.
Interesting to extrapolate based off the FS storyline. Remember that the evidence would be here-say--you can't ask someone what they were thinking or doing 8000 years before, and I think it'd be possible for the Ancients to be warring for hundreds or thousands of years and losing system after system to the Shivans. Perhaps losing one system a decade at the start with a defining even being the loss of a core system every hundred years. Assuming that the Ancients had a strong economy and threw enough ships at the Shivans to slow their conquest, they'd be forced into fighting a slow and costly war for survival outlasting many generations. Splinters of their empire could form each time they lost a major system. Assuming that ships like the Lucifer were prevalent and that the Ancients were able to stall the Shivans, I'd guess that the Ancients have at least reasonably powerful weapons capable of damaging a ship like the Lucifer, but perhaps not destroying it. Or perhaps destroying it, and having the Shivans step up their game to create the Sathanas taskforce with the ability to destroy stars instead of planets. It could explain why the Lucifer would appear from a different direction (perhaps having spent hundreds or thousands of years regrowing itself, assuming the ships are organic) and why there was then the entire Sathanas force that came to bear.