I think the trick here is to seperate Archaic views and attitudes towards crime with Islam, the two items are not one and the same, just as 'being Islamic' doesn't neccesarily imply being out of touch any more than being non-Islamic means that a country must be forward-thinking.
Iirc, Turkey has a terrible human rights record, which is why it had such trouble getting into the EU, but I think we need to be careful not to confuse things. In my own experience in talking to Turkish people on holiday, Islam is a prominent religion, but it's in the background, much like Christianity in the UK, they pay their obligatory visit to the Mosque, and they pray when they have time, but for the main part it's just something that exists and isn't really a major influencing factor. That said, this opinion, as in the UK, may change as you head out into more rural areas.