While canonically it has never been verified, I highly doubt that such an engagement actually took place ...
Canonically the Bastion already made a dash to catch up with the Lucifer, leaving the rest of the fleet behind and probably expending a lot of ressources. Add to that it was canonized in FS2 that the engagement between the SD Tantalus and the GTD Bastion resulted in at least some losses in the Bastion's air group and as said before the canonical pace with which Bastion procceed onwards might have left them with little time for repairs. As result the Bastion would hardly been able to fight another engagement, esspecially with a large detachment of its (canonically unnumbered) air group chasing the Lucifer into the Delta Serpentis-Sol Node.
And remember that canonically the Typhon is superior to the Orion in a straight up fight, so at least from the perspective of the Bastion a fight would have been undesireable.
Under which conditions the Prophecy surely would engage and destroy the Bastion, yet we know the Bastion survives. Meanwhile the Bastion has its own strategic imperative to engage: regardless of the outcome of the Lucifer's interception
(which could still fail), additional Shivan forces or
the exact goddamn Typhon that just appeared on Sol's doorstep could still push the attack and threaten Earth, and there are no other ships in range to reinforce the Terran homeworld in a decisive normal-space battle. Consider also that the Prophecy, deep in Terran space as it is, has likely not arrived to the battle unscathed either.
A Pyrrhic victory against the Lucifer could still result in the extinction of the human race by other means.
Bastion surely had some Medusa or Ursa bombers standing by in the hangar, and could have sortied them to disarm the Prophecy before destroyers gets into the range of the turrets.
If it had them and didn't launch them against the Lucy already, it's because they're morons. It's do or die time.
Or because flight deck space is limited and scrambling to launch everything could result in an accident preventing the launch of anything.