I've got a number of questions & suggestions

1) Which exact failure debrief do you get?
a) Our transport failed to dock with the Iceni. The NTF survivors (etc)
b) The Shivans destroyed the GVT Qeb while the transport was still docked with the Iceni. The NTF survivors (etc)
c) We were almost there, pilot. Our transport was mere seconds away from jumping to safety. The NTF survivors (etc)
d) Our transport failed to dock with the Iceni, and we lost the ETAK technology. All evidence (etc)
1.5) Does the primary goal "Capture The Iceni" get marked complete?
2) You may wish to download & install the
mediavps_3612 to get upgraded graphics (although with your Intel graphics card, you might need to skip the advanced VPs - maybe someone else who is more familiar could offer some suggestions here?). The mediavps also have a newer version of the mission, but I don't think that will help this problem.
3) To see if this is a bug in the code, could you try using
3.6.14 & see if the problem still exists? (3.6.16 has a nasty damage scaling bug which makes the game much harder so I don't recommend using that).
4) You could also try using a
recent nightly build to see if the problem exists there as well.
Let me know if any of these help.
(edit, added Q1.5)