Video corruption issues are almost always due to heat. (That said, some video cards take a moment to dump their buffer, which produces momentary artifacts but these generally do not last).
In the case posted at the beginning of this thread, I'd suggest a driver wipe and reinstall with stock drivers... and if that doesn't work, format the hard disk and start over. Eliminate all software possibilities first.
That said, there are a couple simple measures you can try before you go that extreme to gather clues. See if your video card has temperature monitoring. Motherboard Monitor (google it) is a great freeware utility for monitoring system temperatures. Check the motherboard and processor temps. Video card is usually independent, but if your system has a case heating issue it will affect all components. Conversely, if it's just the video card you won't see elevated CPU/mobo temps. Next step is to pop open your PC case and check all the fans, make sure they're all running properly. Any decent BIOS will also have a hardware monitor, so when you reboot your system check the fan speeds. Speed depends on the individual fan, so you'll need to look them up.
While most video corruption is due to heat, and is easily resolvable, it can also cause lasting damage to the video card. In short, you can fry it, and this frequently happens with or without heat issues. Which means you need to make sure it isn't software and it isn't basic hardware issues. With those two possibilities eliminated, it is likely you have a fried video card.