Ok, I made a synopsis on capital ship weaponry: those leviathans are armed to the teeth:
first of all: the first weapon capital ships are destined to use are their gun bays (those come in 25/50/100 gun varieties): Those bays consists of heavy laser cannons clustered together in a tight grooping (25/50 or 100 depending on the bays): Those bays are made to fire simultaneously in salvos, making up a very potent weapon exchange between ships. heavy ships like the shiva have about 20 bays (most heavy) in the starboard/port/aft/stern sections allowing the ship to saturate the area with laser fire from virtually any angle.
Second: nearly all classes (except the carriers since they transport additionnal interceptors) possess a spinal mount weapon of varrying power (the shiva's being the strongest): this cannon, as it's name inplies is so big it runs through all the ship's superstructure. This cannon is basically a very big linear mass driver (allways forward facing) hurling a huge projectile called a crowbar at near relativity speed after having charged it in a plasma chamber: no doubt those cannons would be identical visually speaking to the freespace 2 beam cannons (with the shiva's E type being the sathanas's BFred).
Third: Some ships have a missile system of varrying power: However those missiles are nothing to compare to interceptor missiles: those are big nuclear warheads capable of being launched in swarms in virtually any angle from the ship's silos. (think wing commander capship missiles). Those missiles are so big they are destroyable.
Forth: each vessel has an abundance of turrets (although the exact number is unknown) as they are being referred to as "turret factor" with the biggest one being 6. But it can be safely assumed that those turrets are virtually covering all the ship's angles: therefore, they are no doubt numerous. Those turrets serve as point defense against capship missiles and interceptor attacks (each turret can mount any type of interceptor caliber weapons (lasers, mass drivers, EPC's, NPC's, cone lasers, thorium phase inducers) and missiles. Each turret can carry up to 6 cannons.
Would the freespace engine handle a prolonged weapon exchange with those factors?
Also, concerning the carriers: while every ship containing a normal number of interceptors can launch them at a rate of 6 per launch (1 squadron), The carriers it seems can deploy one wing (360 interceptors) in a single launch

Is this feasable?
Capital ships (destroyer and beyond) are shielded: So much in fact that swarms of interceptors are required to attack in order to break the shield (their weapons otherwiseare deflected very easily (including missiles). Some exceptions exist however with the tchak'mul strike fighter and his heavy gatling mass drivers (4) or the new vrak'tar and his miniature spinal mount (think wing commander prophecy heavy plasma cannon (devastator)). Therefore, cap ship assault will require a big number of interceptors appearing simultaneously. Is it possible? The tactic for such an assault (followed by the 2 opponents generally) consists of the interceptors battling against each other while the capships start to fight amonst themselves, then surviving interceptors move on to the capships, helping with their destruction by sniping at sub systems like shield generators, weapon control, VLCA comm arrays, turrets bays, or the spinal mount weapon. It will be seen at some point that a torpedo will have been designed to be mounted on interceptors: those torpedoes, capable of percing the capship's shield, can right away be targeted at the shield generators, rendering the ships quickly vulnerable to interceptor weapons and armor damage.
Regarding the patrol ships: the gunboat has 2 turrets of 4 cannons each, can not travel faster than light, yet has a shield capable of power allocation like the big cap ships: meaning it can elect to allocate power to a shield covering a quadrant of it's choice of equalise the shields, etc... Also, the gunboat has several interceptor calibre cannons fore and aft.
The corvettes have the same shield as the gunboat and have 2 turrets: Even though the light corvettes have normal beam weapons like the gunboat (however more plentiful), the assault corvette and the carrier corvette have 2 small weapons bay fore and aft (as wellas the 2 turrets of 4 cannons each). Each corvette is faster than light travel capable, the carrier corvette can deploy 6 fighters (1 squadron) of interceptors.
The escort can transport 12 fighters (2 squadrons), has 4turrets of 4 cannons each and has 4 small weapons bays (fore/aft/starboard/port) Also, the escort mounts one small spinal mount.
All patrol class ships (gunboats, all corvettes and escorts) can be carried along with interceptors in cap ships of destroyer class and beyond (carriers included).
Except for some interceptors like the space gull, all interceptors in general, patrol class ships and destroyer class ships are capable of atmospheric flight.
Next I'll give you a description of weapons (mass drivers, EPC,NPC, lasers, missiles, etc...)
Note that the renegades and commonwhealth have also static stations known as installations: those have their own subsystems and weapons (similar to capships) yet they don't have spinal mounts.
That's it.